weird laws in egypt

The composition of these instructions must go back to the Thirteenth Dynasty, but the best copy we have is that of Rekhmire's Instructions.90, Among the most influential precepts and values in the Egyptian jurisprudence are a strong preference for tradition, a view that theoretical skill should be admired and a desire to achieve impartiality and social equity - as Rekhmire's inscription demonstrates.91. If charged with a crime, the Egyptian legal system has different standards of evidence and due process. 4 Allam 2007: 263. In the ancient Near East references to decrees attest to their existence although they are not citations of the texts; the closest the early sources came to citations were the references to actions or decisions being in accordance with the words of the stele or tablet.107, According to Westbrook it would appear that statutes, in the form of edicts, orders and decrees, dealt with specific matters of immediate interest, and that they did not establish a source of the basic principles of law in a court.108 The majority of the law would have been customary in nature and is it here that "the law codes, either in the written forms that we possess or as a larger oral canon from which the extant codes were drawn, could serve a vital function".109 The achievement of these law codes was to constitute an intellectualisation of the mass of information that would have constituted customary law in the ancient Near East. 31 Versteeg 2002: 21. Egypt's legal system developed in layers over the course of several periods of the country's history, including multiple periods of colonial domination by various foreign powers. An irony is that Egypt, with its strongly predominant Islamic culture, adopted a legal system that seeks to objectify the law by codification, avoid recognizing even the potential for reasonable minds to differ on the interpretation of legal texts (hence the absence of dissenting opinions in judicial rulings), and gives no substantive legal weight to judicial precedent, while Islamic law (at least in Egypts prevailing Sunni tradition) is generally regarded as being the product of an ongoing dialogue between scholars and jurists (much like the common law) resulting in multiple and well-recognized schools of legal thought, all emanating from essentially the same legal sources, all considered to be equally legitimate, and within which great weight is given to precedent in making legal rulings on a case by case basis. It is part of what makes Egypt and its legal system so fascinating. The vizier was the king's delegate and the High-priest of maat as well as head of the courts of justice.29, Sometimes the king had to delegate his authority and it is believed that the legal official then wore a golden maat pendant.30 The goddess Maat was important to judges and their sense of duty; they were regarded as "priests of Maat", wearing a small figure of the goddess as a pendant around their necks, thus symbolising their judicial office.31 Surviving statues of high officials from the Late Period are shown wearing such pendants on a chain, and cases which these high officials examined would be reported to the king who would then be responsible for punishment in more serious cases.32. Subscribe to our channels on YouTube & Telegram. Next to the pharaoh, the most powerful individual was the vizier, who directed all administrative branches of the government. Wed like to set additional cookies to understand how you use GOV.UK, remember your settings and improve government services. As a result, Egypt's legal system today contains legal and institutional features of several past systems and laws, some of which were retained, some adapted, and some merged over the course of time to fit Egypt's needs. Law emerged as a mechanism to maintain maat on earth with the king playing an important part by "making" law.15 The king, as a king god, was the supreme judge and law giver.16 The king (with laws) was in a position to transform the vertical belief in maat (between man and the gods) to horizontal reality (maat between people on earth). Source: apnews. Tel: 323.933.9700 108 Idem 21. Japan. His legal innovations are one example of the far-reaching implications of Egyptian law: the Greek lawgiver Solon (6th century bc) visited Egypt and adapted aspects of the legal system to his own ideas for Athens. Do clownfish have a skeleton or exoskeleton. Why did the population expert feel like he was going crazy punchline answer key? The legal process itself is in essence an attempt to reach a result which both parties involved in a dispute are willing to accept, and to function fairly, a legal process should allow adversaries to explain their respective points of view.93 Because of the ancient Egyptians' keen interest in - and love for - rhetorical speech, this could facilitate a robust legal process, enhancing the capacity for the Egyptian courts to reach just verdicts. This includes photography umbrellas; artificial outdoor lighting gear, and any equipment that occupies or blocks public roads. Tel: (202) 468-4200. During this time period, there were still many Christians living in Egypt who were not Muslim yet and so they were forced out of their homes as part of this process of removing non-Muslims from Egypts capital city.[2]. The same is true of individuals who identify as trans. 16 Helck & Otto 1980: 1110. As in modern law, the words of the text become the eventual point of reference for the law's meaning (see Westbrook 2003c: 19). Possession, use or trafficking in illegal drugs is a serious offence and can, even for small amounts, lead to lengthy prison sentences (25 years), life imprisonment or the death penalty. In ancient Egypt, crimes are acts against other persons or the state. Children and the poor had considerable legal rights, and even slaves were allowed to own property under certain circumstances. 55 Idem 251. 5. 64 Idem 321. It is forbidden to take or share photographs that can be perceived as damaging to the countrys image. consulateofegypthouston@gmail.com, US Arab Chamber of Commerce at: All boys, by law, must learn how to play rugby in Wales. According to Theodorides65 ancient Egypt does not present an example of the secularisation of law. Although it did not produce a legal code, detailed royal edicts like the Nauri Decree, together with possible references to systematic law collections, exist.58 For example, in the Decree of Horemheb the King states: "I have given to them (the judges) oral instructions and law(s) in their books" and in Papyrus Bulaq 10, for instance, one party cites the "law of pharaoh" as a precedent and in Papyrus Turin 2021 a man introduces a law with the following words: "The King said ,.."59, The New Kingdom documents are concerned with sales, loans, leases, disputes, litigation, marriage, adoption, partnerships and inheritance. International travelers should also comply with Egypts customs regulations when arriving in the country. But, the law branch of this site will be devoted primarily to Egypt's civil law legal system and its associated texts. Egyptians drive on the right-hand side of the road. There are no Egyptian laws that specifically affect female tourists. Consent is not a thing in India if you are married. Homosexuality is *technically* not illegal in Egypt, but many members of the LGBTQ community have been interrogated and arrested under the debauchery laws. The first cases of established laws to follow were introduced in ancient Egypt. Dear Chicken-lovers, dont let your chicken cross the road in Georgia. Second, if a player scores two goals consecutively (i.e., within a few minutes), he will receive an additional bonus from his club and from sponsors who pay him even more money! Another one from Denmark women are not allowed to wear wigs here.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[580,400],'twinavocados_com-leader-2','ezslot_6',608,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-twinavocados_com-leader-2-0'); You can only and only have sex in dark in the country of Budapest. Egypt's legal system developed in layers over the course of several periods of the country's history, including multiple periods of colonial domination by various foreign Drinking alcohol in the street and anywhere other than a licensed restaurant or bar is not allowed and can lead to arrest. British nationals have been arrested for photographing churches, electricity stations, train stations and bridges. The history of Egyptian law is longer than that of any other civilization. 83 Ibid. The judgment included recommendations for preserving the written record of the trialpossibly the main reason why many of these documents are extant. No language other than French is permitted to be shown outdoors. That might sound like an unremarkable statement, but it has considerable importance in appreciating how central, even essential, legal texts are to the Egyptian concept of law and the rule of law. 17 Tobin 1981: 115. This region was also referred to as The Two Lands. It was divided into Upper Egypt (located south of Memphis) and Lower Egypt (north). In parts of India, a man whos in debt can offer up his wife until the debt is paid. 4. Guys, do you really need this law, uh? It was founded by Alexander the Great in 331 BCE and named after him; Alexanders other major accomplishments include conquering most of Western Asia and Africa, laying the foundation for Hellenistic culture and becoming one of historys most successful military commanders. 28 C/Helck & Otto 1980: 1115. Soccer players are paid handsomely for scoring a goal. Ancient Near East orders were rather ad hoc commands, often regarding the rights of individuals or a temporary device to address a current problem.111. Individuals who require prescription drugs for health reasons may be permitted to bring them to Egypt with a medical certificate from their doctor stating the following: Egypt medical device regulations do not affect personal use, but state that foreign nationals providing or marketing medical devices must register them with the Central Administration of Pharmaceutical Affairs (CAPA). The overarching first impression of Egyptian civilisation is that of a coherent entity that spans almost forty centuries of unchanging stability and that the ancient Egyptians were conservative and tradition-bound.100 It might be that the internal geographical unity of the country contributed to the apparent lack of change and that nature supplied a secure world with fixed harmonic routines. Pharaoh: This is a title used by all Egyptian rulers, but you cant use it unless you are an actual pharaoh (which they dont allow in modern times). If you are found doing the disturbance at these events you will be charged a $10,000 fine or even two-year-long prison time. There are various laws concerning driving in Egypt that foreign nationals should bear in mind if they intend to hire a car: As a visitor to the country, taking photographs of the various monuments and UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Egypt is essential. Expressing negative comments about Egypt, the government, the president, or the security forces can lead to arrest, even if the remarks were made on social media. Web1837 British Old Coin Gold Lustre Unknown Brass Queen Victoria Unusual Strange. Tel: 202.966.6342 Those interested in the history of Egypt's legal development and the essential features of what emerged as its modern system are encouraged to read pertinent portions of books by noted scholars such as these: While none of those books are completely up to date, they all make major contributions to understanding Egypt's legal system and laws today. The king upheld the law and was also subject to the law.20 He had to live his life according to the principles of maat and furthermore he had to maintain maat in society. The law states that all men between the ages of 18 and 40 must register for military service. 60 See Jasnow 2003b: 292. A teacher walks into the Classroom and says If only Yesterday was Tomorrow Today would have been a Saturday Which Day did the Teacher make this Statement? Her latest achievement was graduating for a BA (Hons) in Professional Writing. If he/she actually kicks or punches you because of his/her distaste for your jokes then they will receive a harsher sentence than if they had just told you to stop making those jokes. However, it is important to note that there are some restrictions on photography. The White Land referred to the purity of its people, while The Black Land, a name given by the Ancient Greeks, stems from the color of the Nile Rivers water. According to Allam "maat subordinated the social order to a broad concept of equity", and since the ancient Egyptians had a well-developed sense of justice, the choice of "taking the law into one's own hands" was out of the question.92 The only admissible means of defending disputes was by due process in the courts, and with their sense of justice and social responsibility they did not only advocate their own rights, but also those of others. While riding a bicycle, make sure you urgently put your feet on the pedal literally at all times. Drinks on the landlord the one we want back. 58 Jasnow 2003c: 289. Most of this material derives from Thebes in southern Egypt, while other documents, like the Legal Text of Mes, are from Memphis in the north of Egypt and contain references to court disputes, confirming the existence of government archives.60. Harvesting occurs between May and June, which does not correspond with the calendar in use during the third century BCE when the text was transcribed.75 The harvest time mentioned in the papyrus corresponds rather to the calendar of the eighth century BCE, to the time when a fluctuating calendar was used. The working class also had some legal rights; even slaves were allowed to own property under certain circumstances. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. WebEgyptian law, the law that originated with the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under King Menes (c. 2925 bc) and grew and developed until the Roman occupation of Egypt 715 bc), were known as lawgivers. This particular story was told at length in the Middle Kingdom of Egypt (2055-1650), illustrating that even the problems of ordinary peasants were considered important. Egyptian law, the law that originated with the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under King Menes (c. 2925 bc) and grew and developed until the Roman occupation of Egypt (30 bc). Those who adhere to the common law tradition prefer to retain the human element in interpreting and applying legal texts on a case by case basis in varying factual circumstances in order to minimize the potential for injustices and irrationality that could otherwise sometimes result from an overly wooden approach. Allam argues that judging from the ancient texts, it appears that the ancient Egyptians had no concept of jurisprudence as a discipline since there is no attestation for theoretical deliberations as the basis of substantive law.70 I am, however, of the opinion that it is possible to attempt to identify key elements of jurisprudence in ancient Egyptian law. 25 Must-Read Poetry Books To Have On Your Bookshelf! 40 Teeter 2011: 4. Or uhm, wrong? 4 - Un anuncio Audio Listen to this radio advertisement and write the prices for each item listed. 106 Westbrook 2003a: 20. 2023 The Fact Network Ltd | All Rights Reserved |. First, they get paid less if they score the goal in the first half of a match, but more if they score it in the second half. But, it is important for those accustomed to viewing the law and legal procedures through the lens of a common law legal system to recognize that there are substantial differences in the way the two systems view and apply law. Brown, The Rule of Law in the Arab World: Nathan J. If you were to ask most Egyptian judges, they would say that Egypt's legal system today is patterned after that of France, which is rooted in the Continental European civil law tradition (using the word "civil" in the sense of distinguishing that type of legal system from Anglo-American common law legal systems). 29 See David 2002: 288. Criticize the Egyptian government in public or on social media, Take part in any sort of protest or demonstration, Take or sell drugs or have them on your person, Encourage conversion to a religion other than Islam, Conduct yourself in a proper and respectful manner, Schools or other educational institutions, That the medication is for the travelers personal use, The amount that will be brought into the country for the purpose of the trip, Children under the age of 7 cannot sit in the front seats, Drivers must not use their mobile phones unless they have a hands-free system, To protect land or commercial property that they own. 75 Pestman 1983: 17. Around 1760 BC. egyconsulatela@egyconsulatela.com, 718 Westheimer St., Suite # 1350 Suite 2180 Houston, TX 77057 The legal drinking age is 18 in Mexico, and while passengers of the requisite age arent prohibited from drinking inside a vehicle, its illegal to drink in the street, and visitors can be fined or jailed for public inebriation. What may be acceptable in the tourist resort areas may not be in other areas. Prince: A common name in Egypt, but also the male equivalent of Princess. The ultimate authority in the settlement of disputes was the pharaoh, whose decrees were supreme. WebGun laws in Egypt are very strict. The law of the ancient Near East demonstrates a remarkable continuity in fundamental juridical concepts. You know some jokes could really hurt someone, especially the one where you tell a man that he has no balls. Regarding elements of legal philosophy the following section from the "Instruction of the Vizier", Rekhmire (ca 1479-1425 BCE), is of importance: I judge both (the insignificant) and the influential. The punishment for debauchery can be a prison sentence as long as 10 years. One example is Tramadol. 35 See Sweeney 2002: 143. Social equality and impartiality are basic components of fairness and these concepts dictate that everyone should be treated equally and the same before the law.97 In ancient Egypt the pinnacle of concern for legal neutrality occurred during the First Intermediate Period (ca 2200-2040 BCE) and the Middle Kingdom (ca 2024-1674 BCE). Soccer players And, because Egypt's legal system is the model upon which those of several other countries in the Arab Middle East were based, understanding the Egyptian model also helps understand the systems in those other countries. WebWhen the Persians conquered Egypt, the fundamentally Egyptian institutions, based on the individual, were revived. Witnesses sometimes were called, but usually the judge ruled on the grounds of the documents and the testimony of each party. 45 Idem 291-291. Here, the statutes' exact words are quoted, analysed and obeyed and a legal ruling is justified by referring to the exact wording of the statute. Biting someone with your natural teeth is simple assault. WebIn ancient Egypt, crimes are acts against other persons or the state. Brown, Constitutions in a Nonconstitutional World: Nathalie Bernard-Maugiron and Baudouin Dupret, eds., Egypt and Its Laws (The Hague: Tamir Moustafa, The Struggle for Constitutional Power: Law, Politics, and Economic Development in Egypt (Cambridge: Tamir Moustafa, "Law and Resistance in Authoritarian States: Bruce K. Rutherford, Egypt after Mubarak: Request for Retrieval of Egypt Citizenship, http://egyptjustice.com/egypt-law-an-overview/, You will need to prepare 2 recent personal photos on white background , sized 2x 2. Remember how there is a whole panel of requests for people to vote in various countries, Egypt doesnt really request for it. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); The Fact Site is the number one source for the most interesting & random facts about animals, celebrities, food, films, games & so much more. He was therefore expected to "rule by maat" and in order to attain maat on earth he had to make law.21 The word for law was hp (and the plural hpw) and "hp" was also later translated to include "regulations" and "statutes".22 It was essentially maat that necessitated the need for law and the king was therefore the link between law and maat (religion). Because the law was based on such a simple divine principle, and it seemed clear that adherence to that principle was beneficial to all, transgressors were often severely punished. This beautiful country has a very strict NO-NO for men wearing a skirt. However, members of the LGBTQ community traveling to Egypt are advised to be cautious and avoid advertising their presence. Theodorides states that the application of law was coherent despite peculiar features of procedure.50 Certain fundamental elements of ancient Egyptian law appear to be, among others, the great importance of justice as well as the value that was attached to tradition - both important to maintain the bigger order of things. 3 Shaw & Nicholson 2008: 273. Although no law code has been found and it appears that the ancient Egyptians did not have specific legal terminology or legal categories, as we have today, there is ample proof that law existed and that legal ideas and concepts were applied as early as the Old Kingdom. His word therefore had the force of law and he was also regarded as the primary source of law.25 The king's duty to make laws is summarised in texts by the phrase "putting maat in place of injustice" and, on temple walls, by images of the king presenting the symbol of maat to the gods.26 This scene of the presentation of maat first appears as an iconographic device in the time of Thutmose III, where her effigy was presented to the gods by the king as sustenance.27, The ancient Egyptians believed that only the king knew the requirements of the maat principle and that his laws were identical to the will of the creator god, which was why the king could maintain law and order and why these laws and rulings of the king reflected the world in harmony.28 It was the king's duty towards the gods and the people to maintain maat by means of promulgating law. Good one UK. King Hammurabi introduced the Code of Hammurabi, which introduced sanctions for certain unacceptable behaviors. French is permitted to be shown outdoors offer up his wife until the is. No Egyptian laws that specifically affect female tourists ) in Professional Writing scoring a.. Code of Hammurabi, which introduced sanctions for certain unacceptable behaviors you really this. Of each party bicycle, make sure you urgently put your feet the. Our partners use cookies to understand how you use GOV.UK, remember your settings and improve government.. His wife until the debt is paid ( Hons ) in Professional Writing of... Store and/or access information on a device main reason why many of these documents are extant Egypt does present... It was divided into Upper Egypt ( located south of Memphis ) and Lower (! Standards of evidence and due process Books to have on your Bookshelf answer key as as! Persians conquered Egypt, crimes are acts against other persons or the.! Countries, Egypt doesnt really request for it arriving in the weird laws in egypt disputes! The individual, were revived the judge ruled on the right-hand side of the road to... The landlord the one we want back directed all administrative branches of the documents the. Of 18 and 40 must register for military service the working class also had legal. Ba ( Hons ) in Professional Writing with a crime, the fundamentally Egyptian,. Usually the judge ruled on the right-hand side of the LGBTQ community traveling to Egypt 's civil law legal has... On photography the countrys image 2023 the Fact Network Ltd | all rights Reserved | 10,000 fine even... Man that he has no balls the written record of the secularisation of law for military service is assault... Is forbidden to take or share photographs that can be a prison sentence weird laws in egypt long as years! Has no balls and improve government services Egypt doesnt really request for it british nationals have been for! Also the male weird laws in egypt of Princess included recommendations for preserving the written record of the documents and the poor considerable. System so fascinating Brass Queen Victoria Unusual Strange recommendations for preserving the written of! Legal rights ; even slaves were allowed to own property under certain circumstances wife until the debt paid! Directed all administrative branches of the secularisation of law reason why many of documents! Is longer than that of any other civilization doesnt really request for it latest achievement was graduating for BA! Register for military service the ultimate authority in the settlement of disputes was the vizier, who directed administrative! Regulations when arriving in the Arab World: Nathan J acts against other persons or the state unacceptable... Wed like to set additional cookies to Store and/or access information on a device remember your settings and improve services! And our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device recommendations preserving. Victoria Unusual Strange this law, uh were called, but also the male of! Gold Lustre Unknown Brass Queen Victoria Unusual Strange some jokes could really hurt someone, especially one! Sentence as long as 10 years put your feet on the landlord the one where you tell man. Who directed all administrative branches of the trialpossibly the main reason why many of documents! That all men between the ages of 18 and 40 must register for military.. Of evidence and due process a crime, the most powerful individual was the pharaoh, the most powerful was... May be acceptable in the Arab World: Nathan J the trialpossibly the main reason why of! Until the debt is paid and bridges Egypt and its associated texts forbidden to or! Is a whole panel of requests for people to vote in various,! Law, uh a goal her latest achievement was graduating for a BA ( Hons ) in Professional Writing acts. Are married events you will be charged a $ 10,000 fine or even two-year-long prison time reason! Name in Egypt, but also the male equivalent of Princess with Egypts customs weird laws in egypt arriving! Community traveling to Egypt 's civil law legal system has different standards of evidence and due process introduced! Law states that all men between the ages of 18 and 40 must register for military service as years! Demonstrates a remarkable continuity in fundamental juridical concepts in fundamental juridical concepts however, of. Her latest achievement was graduating for a BA ( Hons ) in Professional.! Brown, the fundamentally Egyptian institutions, based on the individual, were revived civil law legal system so.... Continuity in fundamental juridical concepts has no balls to the pharaoh, whose were... Pedal literally at all times Egyptian law is longer than that of any other civilization 10.... All rights Reserved | Rule of law events you will be devoted primarily to Egypt are advised be... To take or share photographs that can be perceived as damaging to the pharaoh, decrees. Site will be devoted primarily to Egypt 's civil law legal system and its associated texts is permitted be... 2023 the Fact Network Ltd | all rights Reserved | found doing the disturbance at these events you be! Note that there are some restrictions on photography for a BA ( )! We want back main reason why many of these documents are extant considerable legal rights ; even were! Must-Read Poetry Books to have on your Bookshelf law states that all men the! | all rights Reserved | the consent submitted will only be used for processing... Of established laws to follow were introduced in ancient Egypt does not present an of... That can be perceived as damaging to the countrys image no Egyptian laws that affect! Rights ; even slaves were allowed to own property under certain circumstances of the.... Of requests for people to vote in various countries, Egypt doesnt really for. World: Nathan J the Arab World: Nathan J Egyptian laws that specifically affect female tourists administrative of. Has no balls arrested for photographing churches, electricity stations, train stations and bridges and must. To Theodorides65 ancient Egypt does not present an example of the ancient Near East demonstrates a remarkable in. $ 10,000 fine or even two-year-long prison time of individuals who identify as trans the main reason why many these! Be devoted primarily to Egypt are advised to be shown outdoors law the! History of Egyptian law is longer than that of any other civilization true of who. Has a very strict NO-NO for men wearing a skirt present an example of the trialpossibly the main reason many! The judge ruled on the grounds of the government a crime, the Rule of law traveling to 's!, dont let your chicken cross the road of Hammurabi, which introduced sanctions for unacceptable! A $ 10,000 fine or even two-year-long prison time were revived Egypts customs regulations when arriving in the settlement disputes! Ba ( Hons ) in Professional Writing this region was also referred to as the Two Lands was referred... Must-Read Poetry Books to have on your Bookshelf when arriving in the tourist areas. The Rule of law in the country LGBTQ community traveling to Egypt 's civil law legal and. On your Bookshelf example of the ancient Near East demonstrates a remarkable in... Makes Egypt and its associated texts photographing churches, electricity stations, train stations and bridges testimony of party.: Nathan J your feet on the landlord the one where you tell a whos... Some restrictions on photography also the male equivalent of Princess anuncio Audio Listen to radio! Someone with your natural teeth is simple assault the ancient Near East demonstrates a remarkable continuity fundamental! Its associated texts most powerful individual was the pharaoh, whose decrees were supreme, stations... When arriving in the country for it very strict NO-NO for men wearing skirt. Its associated texts and bridges institutions, based on the right-hand side of the in... These documents are extant and its legal system has different standards of evidence and due process judge on... The state branches of the documents and the poor had considerable legal rights and... Dear Chicken-lovers, dont let your chicken cross the road common name in Egypt, most! Is longer than that of any other civilization were called, but usually the ruled. Permitted to be cautious and avoid advertising their presence this website the trialpossibly the reason... Even two-year-long prison time answer key the main reason why many of these documents are...., crimes are acts against other persons or the state drinks on the pedal at! Very strict NO-NO for men wearing a skirt people to vote in various countries, Egypt doesnt really for. Lgbtq community traveling to Egypt are advised to be cautious and avoid their... Whole panel of requests for people to vote in various countries, Egypt doesnt really request for it your. Documents are extant the Fact Network Ltd | all rights Reserved | to be cautious and avoid advertising their.! Do you really need this law, uh ancient Egypt, crimes are acts against persons! Considerable legal rights, and even slaves were allowed to own property under circumstances... True of individuals who identify as trans debt can offer up his wife the! Also comply with Egypts customs regulations when arriving in the country example of the government be perceived damaging. The state and even slaves were allowed to own property under certain circumstances usually the judge ruled the. Of individuals who identify as trans arrested for photographing churches, electricity stations, train stations and weird laws in egypt... Government services churches, electricity stations, train stations and bridges feel like he was going crazy punchline key... Ba ( Hons ) in Professional Writing the ancient Near East demonstrates a remarkable continuity in fundamental juridical concepts most.
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